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November 2008

Country Profile: China

China is a key climate policy player. Its greenhouse gas emissions are expected to match those of the US in the coming years. However, China’s per capita emissions remain low. There is already evidence that the opportunities for growth are being restricted by rapid consumption of resources and by environmental pollution. Thus for China, the CDM, with the associated technology transfer and additional foreign investment from industrialised countries, is a fitting way to introduce clean technology and receive assistance in achieving sustainable development.

The start phase of the CDM shows that China is important, both in terms of the number of emission reduction certificates it can generate and the number of projects it can host. In particular, China wants to reinvest the tax revenue from CERs generated at particularly low cost by buying into an environmental fund managed by the Chinese Ministry of Finance. However, China’s CDM market faces a number of problematic barriers: critics on the business side point to the restrictions on the foreign share of joint ventures below 50 percent, issues regarding protection of patents and a lack of transparency. While the first two issues can only be solved in the longer term, the German Environment Ministry can use its activities to help improve conditions for project-based business-level activities and to make market segments more transparent.